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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Martin Becker
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 31 | Number 3 | March 1968 | Pages 458-464
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE68-A17588
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The most general current formulations of the point reactor kinetics equations permit the flux shape function to be time dependent. This permissibility has led to the development of a class of space-time analyses referred to as adiabatic or quasistatic. The use of time-independent importance weighting, however, can lead to difficulties, as is shown in an example. In this paper, point kinetics equations are derived from a variational principle in such a way as to permit time-dependent importance shape functions. “Extra” terms due to the explicit time dependence of the shape functions appear, and normalization conditions are obtained by which these terms can be eliminated. Additional differences from conventional form appear if one chooses to use different importance shape functions for flux and precursor equations, but these differences can be neglected for many cases of practical interest.