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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
F. C. Difilippo
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 90 | Number 1 | May 1985 | Pages 13-18
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE85-A17426
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The forward Kolgomorov equation is written for the case of a subcritical reactor monitored by two detectors and excited by a fission source located inside a fission chamber (an arrangement currently in use to measure reactivities). The marginal distribution of neutrons is shown to be given by the negative binomial distribution with an amplified correlation as compared to the case of a photoneutron source. The amplification allows the definition of an equivalent factor Deq for the Diven factor, which makes possible the application of formulas originally derived for interpretation of noise measurement in the presence of a photoneutron source to the case of a fission source. The ratio of the correlations measured under the successive presence of both kind of sources allows the direct measurement of the effective delayed fraction, βef. The factor Deq is proven to be consistent with a derivation based on the Schottky prescription for the noise source.