ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Oct 2025
Jul 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
November 2025
Nuclear Technology
October 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The current status of heat pipe R&D
Idaho National Laboratory under the Department of Energy–sponsored Microreactor Program recently conducted a comprehensive phenomena identification and ranking table (PIRT) exercise aimed at advancing heat pipe technology for microreactor applications.
Y. Harima, Y. Sakamoto, S. Tanaka, M. Kawai
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 94 | Number 1 | September 1986 | Pages 24-35
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE86-A17113
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A geometric-progression (G-P) method formula, Br = 1 + (B − 1) · (Kx − 1)/(K − 1), accurately represents the buildup factor data as a function of distance for the following reasons: 1. The value of parameter B corresponds to that of the buildup factor at 1 mfp, which is the integration of a basic spectrum for a specified material and for a specified source energy. 2. The variation of parameter K with penetration represents the photon dose multiplication and the change in the shape of the spectrum. Exposure buildup factors for point isotropic sources in an infinite medium approximated by the G-P fitting parameters are in good agreement with the basic data calculated by the PALLAS code, including that of boron for low energies, and of lead, including the effects of bremsstrahlung and fluorescence. The validity of using the G-P parameters to interpolate the buildup factor in μr and in E is ascertained. Furthermore, the extrapolation to the buildup data for depths above 40 mfp is examined.