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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
K. V. Subbaiah, A. Natarajan
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 96 | Number 4 | August 1987 | Pages 330-342
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A16396
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Transport calculations have been performed using the one-dimensional gamma-ray transport code ASFIT for materials of high atomic number (Z), such as tin, tungsten, lead, and uranium, for incident energies in the range of 0.030 to 0.5 MeV, where the fluorescent X rays are important. The relative impact of different components of K X rays on the spectra and buildup factors at various depths in the medium has been assessed for a typical case. Approximate analytic results are derived and compared with the computed X-ray contributions. Point isotropic air and medium response buildup factors computed for these materials have been given, filling the gap in the existing standard tables. Since the buildup factors are not amenable for conventional interpolation in this region, the values are given at close intervals of incident photon energy.