ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2026
Nuclear Technology
August 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Young Jin Kim,* Thomas J. Downar, Alexander Sesonske
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 96 | Number 2 | June 1987 | Pages 85-101
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE87-A16369
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A method was developed to optimize pressurized water reactor low-leakage core reload designs that features the decoupling and sequential optimization of the fuel arrangement and control problems. The two-stage optimization process provides the maximum cycle length for a given fresh fuel loading subject to power peaking constraints. In the first stage, a best fuel arrangement is determined at the end of cycle (EOC) in the absence of all control poisons by employing a direct search method. The constant power, Haling depletion is used to provide the cycle length and EOC power peaking for each candidate core fuel arrangement. In the second stage, the core control poison requirements to meet the core peaking constraints throughout the cycle are determined using an approximate nonlinear programming technique. For the core description, the design method utilizes a currently recognized licensing-type code, SIMULATE-E, that was adapted to the CYBER-205 computer. The methodology was applied to the core reload design for cycles 9 and 10 of the Commonwealth Edison Company (CECo) Zion-1 reactor. The results showed that, compared with the reference design used by CECo, the optimum loading pattern for cycle 9 yielded almost a 9% increase in the cycle length while reducing core vessel fluence by 30%. Cycle length increase is a direct measure of economic savings for a given fuel loading. The results of cycle 10 optimization produced similar improvements. Should cycle length constraints apply, the procedure could be used to yield a decrease in fuel enrichment, with comparable savings resulting.