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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Bruno Merk, Sören Kliem, Emil Fridman, Frank-Peter Weiss
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 171 | Number 2 | June 2012 | Pages 136-149
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE10-58
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This work shows the effect of the use of moderating layers on the sodium void effect in sodium-cooled, mixed oxide-fueled fast breeder reactors. The moderating layers consist of either zirconium boride ZrB2 or zirconium hydride ZrH2. The two investigated ZrH2 layers (0.1 and 0.2 mm thick) cause a strong reduction of the sodium void effect. Additionally, these layers significantly improve the fuel temperature effect and the coolant effect of the system. All changes caused by the insertion of the ZrH2 layers result in a significantly increased stability of the fast reactor system against transients. The moderating layers have only a small influence on the breeding effect and on the production of minor actinides. The effect in the infinite system can be fully combined with the traditional methods of increasing the neutron leakage.