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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
S. M. Ghiaasiaan, B. K. Kamboj, S. I. Abdel-Khalik
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 117 | Number 1 | May 1994 | Pages 22-32
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE94-A13566
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Gravity-driven countercurrent two-phase flow, in channels connected to a sealed tank at one end and open to the atmosphere at the other end, was analytically studied. This type of gravity-driven countercurrent two-phase flow can occur during the operation of passive safety coolant injection systems of advanced reactors. A mechanistic model was developed for the oscillating flow regime, which occurs in inclined channels with a side-entry configuration when the channel angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal plane is more than 10 deg and in channels with a bottom-entry channel-tank interphase. The model was shown to satisfactorily predict the experimental data.