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2024 ANS Annual Conference
June 16–19, 2024
Las Vegas, NV|Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Securing the advanced reactor fleet
Physical protection accounts for a significant portion of a nuclear power plant’s operational costs. As the U.S. moves toward smaller and safer advanced reactors, similar protection strategies could prove cost prohibitive. For tomorrow’s small modular reactors and microreactors, security costs must remain appropriate to the size of the reactor for economical operation.
Luigi Scibile, Basil Kouvaritakis
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 36 | Number 2 | September 1999 | Pages 139-164
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A98
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The plasma vertical position in a tokamak can be open-loop unstable with time-varying dynamics. The limitation in the output power of the control amplifier makes the time-varying unstable system particularly difficult to control. Fixed-coefficient linear controllers usually fail to maintain control in the presence of large disturbances, like edge-localized modes (ELMs), which saturate the amplifier output. During the saturation period, the vertical position of the plasma will grow exponentially with the unstable eigenvalue and may reach values that cannot be controlled by the energy provided by the control amplifier, which is limited by practical constraints. The primary sources of disturbances and measurement noise that effect the vertical position are the ELMs and the 600-Hz noise from the thyristor power supplies. The former are present in the form of pulses and appear during high-energy confinement plasma configurations. A novel nonlinear controller for the vertical position based on a discrete adaptive near-time optimum control algorithm (DANTOC) is used to stabilize the system, to maximize the stability region, and to provide robustness with respect to the aforementioned sources of disturbances and measurement noise. The controller is tested in simulation for the Joint European Torus tokamak, and the results demonstrate its feasibility in controlling the vertical position for different plasma configurations. The controller is also tested on the COMPASS-D tokamak, and the results demonstrate the improvement with respect to a simple linear proportional and derivative controller in the presence of disturbances and measurement noise.