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Update on Zaporizhzhia
Repairs have reportedly started to restore off-site power to Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. About a month ago, the site lost connection to the grid for the 10th time during the Russia-Ukraine military conflict, according to Rafael Mariano Grossi, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency.
U. Samm
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 57 | Number 2 | February 2010 | Pages 241-246
Edge Physics and Plasma-Wall Interactions | Proceedings of the Ninth Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics | doi.org/10.13182/FST10-A9415
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The control of wall loads in fusion devices, in particular with respect to the life time limitations of wall components due to material erosion and migration, will be decisive for the realisation of a fusion power plant operating in steady state, while in a pulsed experiment like ITER the primary goal for plasma-wall interaction is the achievement of a high availability. The article describes the grand challenges of plasma-wall interaction research along the needs for ITER and the strategies of ongoing research for further optimization of the design. Addressed are questions related to material limitations, erosion- and transport processes, tritium retention in deposited layers and transient heat loads.