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Darleane C. Hoffman, transuranium element pioneer, dies at age 98
Hoffman
Nuclear chemist Darleane D. Hoffman, who was renowned for her research on transuranium elements that advanced the understanding of nuclear fission, died on September 4 at her home in Menlo Park, Calif. She was 98.
Iowa origins: Hoffman was born on November 8, 1926, in Terril, Ia. She attended Iowa State University, where she earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry in 1948 and a doctorate in physical (or nuclear) chemistry in 1951. She then began working as a chemist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Los Alamos research: In 1953, Hoffman began a research position at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where she conducted pioneering work on spontaneous fission. She served as the lab’s first female division leader in charge of the Chemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Division.
L. Meléndez, E. Chávez, R. López, G. J. Cruz, M. G. Olayo, A. Chávez, M. Balcázar
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 1 | January 1999 | Pages 71-77
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A79
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To search for the absorption of deuterium gas in titanium plates and the neutron emission from this process, electrical discharges between two titanium electrodes in a deuterium atmosphere have been performed. During the discharges, a temperature >300 °C on the surface of the electrodes was measured. A typical characteristic of the phenomenon observed was the deuteration of the electrodes. Pressure reduction was notorious when the chamber was previously cooled with liquid air. Deuterium absorption seemed to be present in all experiments whether or not liquid air was added on the deuteration chamber. Sheets of CR39 plastic detectors, a Bonner sphere, and a fission chamber were used to look for neutron emission.