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Antares achieves zero-power criticality at INL
Leveraging more than $140 million in private capital fundraising, over 322,000 square feet of operational manufacturing space, and multifaceted partnerships with the Departments of Energy and Defense, reactor start-up Antares has become the first company involved in the Reactor Pilot Program to achieve zero-power fueled criticality—a full month ahead of the July 4 deadline set by President Trump’s Executive Order 14301.
This milestone, announced yesterday, was achieved with the company’s Mark-0: a sodium heat-pipe-cooled, TRISO-fueled microreactor. The Mark-0 is a forerunner to the company’s flagship design, which it calls the R1. For Antares, this development represents a key validation of its reactor physics, control systems, and supply chain.
J. A. Goetz, M. W. Bongard, S. J. Diem, J. K. Peery
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 82 | Number 1 | January-February 2026 | Pages 56-63
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2025.2456893
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Pegasus-III is a solenoid-free, low-aspect-ratio spherical tokamak (ST) focused on studying nonsolenoidal plasma initiation techniques. It will be equipped with multiple helicity injection (HI) systems and a 28-GHz gyrotron-based system for electron Bernstein wave (EBW) and electron cyclotron (EC) heating and current drive. Microwave injection can provide heating during HI to reduce losses from resistive dissipation. Microwave heating and current drive techniques are also candidates for noninductive plasma initiation, ramp up, and sustainment on their own. STs are well-suited for EBW heating and current drive because a large volume of the plasma is overdense. During low-density startup, ST plasmas can remain accessible to EC waves for heating and current drive. To aid in the design of this microwave system, a synthetic aperture microwave imaging diagnostic is being fielded for the first exploration of EBW emission measurements from HI-generated plasmas. This diagnostic will be used to identify effective operational windows for EBWs. Modeling using the GENRAY code has been performed to assess the viability of these EBW mode conversion and EC methods. Modeling results indicate that both methods can be successfully used in Pegasus-III plasmas.