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NRC grants license for TRISO-X fuel manufacturing using HALEU
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has granted X-energy subsidiary TRISO-X a special nuclear material license for high-assay low-enriched uranium fuel fabrication. The license applies to TRISO-X’s first two planned commercial facilities, known as TX-1 and TX-2, for an initial 40-year period. The facilities are set to be the first new nuclear fuel fabrication plants licensed by the NRC in more than 50 years.
Xin Mao, Xuebing Peng, Peng Liu, Siqing Feng, Wei Song, Xinyuan Qian, Tiejun Xu
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 81 | Number 8 | November 2025 | Pages 901-915
Regular Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2025.2503122
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A single divertor module is generally composed of an inner target (IT), a dome, an outer target (OT), and a cassette for a tokamak fusion reactor. As the plasma-facing components (PFCs), the IT, dome and OT are highly likely to be destroyed, while the cassette, in principle, is not damaged. The neutron irradiation dose anticipated for the China fusion engineering test reactor (CFETR) divertor is about one order of magnitude higher than that of ITER. Therefore, the neutron-rich environment in the future device needs the implementation of teleoperation for component replacement.
These days, divertors have two maintenance strategies, integral and separated, respectively. In the second version, the water-cooled divertor design of CFETR, a separate maintenance scheme was chosen in which a damaged PFC is removed from the vacuum vessel. The overall structure design of the IT, the remote handling (RH) compatibility of the IT, and the IT stainless steel support design are presented first in this paper. Then, a material choice suitable for the IT target is discussed. Finally, a hydraulic analysis of the IT cooling system and a thermal analysis of the bolts are carried out to testify to the rationality of the IT target structure design. This provides a possible technical solution for the PFC structural design in the fusion reactor divertor.