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Fusion Science and Technology
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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
S. D. Fedorovich, V. P. Budaev, Y. V. Martynenko, D. I. Kavyrshin, M. V. Lukashevsky, Y. I. Rukina, M. V. Budaeva, Quang Vinh Tran, K. A. Rogosin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 81 | Number 8 | November 2025 | Pages 894-900
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2025.2479240
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Irradiation of titanium with stationary helium plasma with edge fusion relevant plasma parameters was carried out in the PLM-M fusion device. A highly specific area and porous nanostructured surface with a nanostructure size from ~20 to ~200 nm was obtained. Such structures are obtained by processing refractory metals irradiated with plasma to produce structures such as fuzz and cauliflower. After plasma irradiation, titanium samples were processed in a nitrogen gas to obtain titanium nitride on the surface. The resulting surface has a high specific capacity and a low impedance of the double electric layer when testing samples in an electrolyte. Such material characteristics are promising for medical use in the manufacture of pacemaker electrodes.