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Inertia and LLNL accelerate fusion fuel manufacturing
Cut-away schematic and example radiograph of the fusion fuel capsule, showing the outer spherical carbon shell and the D-T fuel “ice” layer with a gas core. For Inertia, this capsule has a diameter of about 4–5 mm. Formation of a sufficiently smooth D-T ice layer is crucial for ignition. (Image: Inertia)
Inertia Enterprises and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a manufacturing process for the thin layer of cryogenically frozen deuterium-tritium (D-T) used in its target design, reducing production time from days to hours, according to the company.
The advance makes target fueling cheaper and reduces the amount of tritium that Inertia would need to hold at a pilot plant, which lowers material handling costs, regulatory burden, and dependence on scarce fuel inventories.
Sergey Ananyev, Boris Kuteev
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 81 | Number 8 | November 2025 | Pages 869-884
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2025.2502287
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Over a period of time from 2012 to 2023, a special program (computer code), which currently has no analogues in the Russian Federation, was created and modified. The FC-FNS code was developed for simulating fuel nuclide fluxes and their inventories in fuel cycle systems, with allowance for the fuel cycle architecture and candidate technology solutions, including the system for the injection of neutral beams of different isotopic compositions. The results of using the code for determining the parameters of fuel injection and for pumping and processing tritium-containing gas mixture are presented for various plasma parameters in fusion facilities with blankets.
Despite using a fairly simple interface and the Microsoft Excel environment instead of the special programming language, the code allows for simulating the coordinated operation of many fuel cycle systems, including the tokamak vacuum vessel with plasma. The distinctive feature of the model is not the precise modeling the entire system (including plasma), but the modeling of the joint operation of a large number of interconnected elements in which physical and chemical processes occur, which differ by several orders of magnitude both in duration and the amount of substance involved.