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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Piyush Prajapati, Shishir Deshpande, P. N. Maya, H. L. Swami, Deepak Sharma
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 81 | Number 4 | May 2025 | Pages 331-349
Regular Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2024.2397226
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The conceptual design of a helium-cooled solid breeder blanket for a moderate sized tokamak fusion reactor is presented to explore the feasibility of heat extraction for power conversion. A compact reactor is considered with a major radius of 3 m, fusion power of 200 MW, and modular blankets. A configuration of radially stacked breeder units with a nested C-shaped helium flow scheme that enables nearly uniform high temperatures of the helium outlet is proposed. A detailed thermal analysis of the central module of the blanket is presented. A model is developed to carry out the one-dimensional thermal transient analysis of the breeder unit, which is benchmarked with ANSYS simulation. This can be used as a tool for rapid scan of the conceptual design for a wide range of parameters. The calculations show that a minimum pulse length of 2000s or above is required to achieve a steady-state blanket temperature for efficient heat extraction.