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Fusion Science and Technology
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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
P. T. Lang, M. van Berkel, W. Biel, T. O. S. J. Bosman, P. David, Ch. Day, E. Fable, L. Giannone, M. Griener, T. Giegerich, A. Kallenbach, M. Kircher, A. Krimmer, O. Kudlacek, M. Maraschek, B. Ploeckl, B. Sieglin, W. Suttrop, H. Zohm, ASDEX Upgrade Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 80 | Number 1 | January 2024 | Pages 26-37
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2023.2188932
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Core particle fueling, an essential task in the European demonstration fusion power plant EU-DEMO, relies on adequate pellet injection. However, pellets are fragile objects, and their delivery efficiency can hardly be assumed to be unity. Exploring kinetic control of the EU-DEMO1 scenario indicates that such missed-out pellets do cause a considerable problem for keeping a burning plasma. Missed-out pellets can cause a severe drop of plasma density that in turn results in a potential drastic loss of burn power. Efforts are under way at the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) tokamak aiming to provide real-time monitoring of pellet arrival and announcement of missed-out cases to the control systems. To further optimize the controllers, system identification experiments have been performed to identify the dynamic response of the system to the actuators.