ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2026
Nuclear Technology
August 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
IAEA scientists help rainbow trout farmers in Latin America
The trout population in the western hemisphere is getting stronger through the application of nuclear science.
The International Atomic Energy Agency, as part of a technical cooperation project, is equipping laboratories and training specialists in nine countries to better deal with the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in rainbow trout.
U. Shumlak, E. T. Meier, B. J. Levitt
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 80 | Number 1 | January 2024 | Pages 1-16
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2023.2198049
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Fusion gain and triple product are derived for the sheared-flow-stabilized (SFS) Z pinch by including the input power associated with driving the plasma flow and the additional advective loss of thermal energy. Plasma impurities contribute to radiative power losses and to thermal power losses by increasing the electron population. The presence of impurities increases the required plasma parameters, characterized by the triple product, to achieve fusion gain. The analysis is applied to deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion, though the methodology can be extended to other reactions. Since D-T fusion produces an alpha particle, the possibility exists of magnetically confining the alpha with sufficiently high magnetic fields, which are self-generated by the plasma pinch current. Confined alpha particles can heat the D-T fusion fuel, reduce the needed input power, and thereby amplify the fusion gain. However, ignition () does not occur since the axial plasma flow must be externally driven. The impacts of alpha heating and impurity losses are considered on the fusion performance of the SFS Z pinch. Requirements, assumptions, and limitations are described that would justify a determination of “D-T equivalent conditions” in a D-D plasma. A minimum set of experimental measurements of plasma parameters is specified that can be compared to a plasma parameter map to facilitate a “” claim, where is defined by instantaneous values of fusion power and input power. Corroborating measurements are also discussed that would further support extrapolation of plasma and fusion performance to D-T operation.