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Fusion Science and Technology
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Getting back to yes: A local perspective on decommissioning, restart, and responsibility
For 45 years, Duane Arnold Energy Center operated in Linn County, Ia., near the town of Palo and just northwest of Cedar Rapids. The facility, owned by NextEra Energy, was the only nuclear power plant in the state.
In August 2020, a historic derecho swept across eastern Iowa with winds approaching 140 miles per hour. Damage to the plant’s cooling towers accelerated a shutdown that had already been planned, and the facility entered decommissioning soon after, with its fuel removed in October of that year. Iowa’s only nuclear plant had gone off line.
Today the national energy landscape looks very different than it did just six short years ago. Electricity demand is rising rapidly as data centers, artificial intelligence infrastructure, advanced manufacturing, and electrification expand across the country. Reliable, carbon-free baseload power has become increasingly valuable. In that context, Linn County has approved the rezoning necessary to support the recommissioning and restart of Duane Arnold and is actively supporting NextEra’s efforts to secure the remaining state and federal approvals.
J. C. Schwenzer, C. Day, T. Giegerich, A. Santucci
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 78 | Number 8 | November 2022 | Pages 664-675
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2022.2101834
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The European Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (EU-DEMO) has to operate in a completely tritium self-sufficient mode after initial start-up, which includes producing excess tritium to allow the start-up of other reactors. The initial start-up inventory is mainly dictated by operational inventories in the fuel cycle (FC). Advances in FC technologies and immediate recycling of a large fraction of the torus exhaust gas in the direct internal recycling loop are expected to contribute greatly to an overall low operational inventory. The remainder of the torus exhaust gas, as well as tritium from the blankets, nevertheless requires treatment in the tritium plant in order to perform the necessary purification and isotope rebalancing. Here, the employed systems still feature significant operational inventories and predominantly require steady-state operation in order to maximize their performance. In this paper the operational tritium inventories in the major FC systems are reported based on the pre-concept FC design. Additionally, major dependencies of these inventories on key design drivers of the FC are discussed. It is predicted that the EU-DEMO FC will be able to operate with an overall tritium inventory of less than 2 kg.