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Fusion Science and Technology
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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
B. Li, Z. W. Xia, Y. D. Pan, T. Z. Fang, B. Zhang, S. Liu, W. Li, Y. Yang, G. Kiss, S. Maruyama, U. Kruezi, X. G. Liu, F. Villers, X. M. Huang, M. Conroy, F. He
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 77 | Number 3 | April 2021 | Pages 228-234
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2021.1874764
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
As an important part of the ITER gas injection system, the fusion power shutdown system delivers large quantities of gas into the vacuum vessel to stop the fusion power in an emergency case. Two identical but independent units are designed for mutual redundancy. Each unit includes an injection pipeline and a unit that contains a gas reservoir, solenoid valve, pneumatic isolation valve, and pressure switches. Among these components, the working gas reservoir parameters are investigated by experiments based on the required total gas quantity of at least 3000 Pa m3 neon or mixtures of neon and hydrogen injected within 3 s. The working gas is released utilizing a pneumatically actuated valve that is not affected by the strong stray magnetic field of about 0.205 T. The associated solenoid valve is equipped with magnetic shielding that is designed by a magnetostatic analysis. These components lie on the same plane in the unit to maximize the maintainability. Furthermore, the structure integrity of the unit and its support frame is validated by a preliminary structural analysis.
