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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
T. J. Venhaus, R. A. Causey
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 39 | Number 2 | March 2001 | Pages 868-873
Divertor and Plasma-Facing Components | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A11963348
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tungsten and tungsten alloys are candidate plasma-facing materials for future fusion reactors due to their excellent thermal properties and sputtering characteristics. A Sandia National Laboratories experimental program investigated the retention and release characteristics of hydrogen isotopes in tungsten and tungsten doped with 1% lanthanum oxide. A single model based on a high recombination rate coefficient, enhanced diffusivity in the implant zone for high flux experiments, and a 1.4 eV trap was capable of simulating all of the data accumulated in the experimental program. In this report, the model is now applied to data obtained by other researchers examining hydrogen migration in tungsten. Almost without exception, the model was able to accurately duplicate the hydrogen isotope retention and release with the single variable of trap density.