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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
A.V. Arzhannikov, V.T. Astrelin, A.V. Burdakov, P.V. Denisenko, V.G. Ivanenko, V.S. Koidan, V.V. Konyukhov, A.G. Makarov, K.I. Mekler, P.I. Melnikov, V.S. Nikolaev, S.S. Perin, S.V. Polosalkin, V.V. Postupaev, A.F. Rovenskikh, S.L. Sinitsky
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 1 | January 1999 | Pages 112-118
Topical Review Lectures | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A11963834
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A short review of recent results obtained at the GOL-3-II facility is presented. This facility is an open trap with 12 m long plasma column with a longitudinal magnetic field of 4.5 T in the uniform part and 9 T in the end mirrors. There is the possibility to change the magnetic field configuration. Plasma density can be varied in 1014÷1017 cm−3 range. A microsecond electron beam with total energy of 0.2 MJ is injected into the plasma through the input mirror.
Collective interactions of an electron beam with a plasma and its fast heating are studied at this facility. An efficiency of collective electron beam deceleration up to 40% is achieved in a 1015 cm−3 plasma. The average electron temperature of ∼2 keV at plasma density (1–2) 1015 cm−3 is obtained. With two-stage heating of a dense (∼1016 cm−3) plasma the electron temperature of 300÷500 eV and the ion temperature of 100÷200 eV are reached.
Prospects of experiments on multimirror and «wall» plasma confinement at GOL-3-II facility are discussed.