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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Securing the advanced reactor fleet
Physical protection accounts for a significant portion of a nuclear power plant’s operational costs. As the U.S. moves toward smaller and safer advanced reactors, similar protection strategies could prove cost prohibitive. For tomorrow’s small modular reactors and microreactors, security costs must remain appropriate to the size of the reactor for economical operation.
John D. Sheliak, James K. Hoffer
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 2 | March 1999 | Pages 234-243
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A11963930
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Solid D-T layers are equilibrated inside a 2 mm diameter beryllium toroidal cell at temperatures ranging from 19.0 K to 19.6 K, using the beta-layering process. Each experimental run consisted of multiple cycles of rapid- or slow-freezing of the initially liquid D-T charge. Each of these freeze cycles was followed by a lengthy period of beta-layering equilibration, which was terminated by melting the layer. The temperature was changed in discrete steps at the end of some equilibration cycles in an attempt to simulate actual ICF target conditions. High-precision images of the D-T solid-vapor interface were analyzed to yield the surface roughness σrms as a sum of modal contributions. Results show an average σrms. of 1.3 ± 0.3 μm for layers equilibrated at 19.0 K and show an inverse dependence of σrms on equilibration temperature up to 19.525 K. Inducing sudden temperature perturbations lowered σrms to 1.0 ± 0.05 μm.