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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Shigeo Yoshida, Isao Murata, Akito Takahashi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 34 | Number 3 | November 1998 | Pages 656-660
Safety and Environment (Poster Session) | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A11963689
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the Intense 14 MeV Neutron Source Facility OKTAVIAN of Osaka University, Japan, which produces fusion neutrons by D-T reaction, we have many experience in handling tritium targets and tritiated contaminants. In OKTAVIAN, the transition of tritium concentration in urine and exhaled water of some workers was measured with a liquid scintillation counter for years. Using the measured results between the concentration of tritium in urine and in exhaled water, we have found a simple method to lead excretion parameters in order to estimate the internal exposure dose. The first decreasing term, HTO component, was expressed as a simple exponential function with the measured concentration of HTO in exhaled water. The second and third decreasing terms, OBT component, were expressed as a sum of two exponential functions using the difference between the concentration of HTO in exhaled water and the total tritium concentration in urine in equilibrium. And the excretion function of total tritium in urine can be expressed as a sum of their three exponential decreasing terms. Moreover, without measurements of longer-term, it becomes possible to analyze the longer half-life in OBT component at a short time.