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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
H. Y. Khater, M. E. Sawan
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 34 | Number 3 | November 1998 | Pages 581-585
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) (Poster Session) | doi.org/10.13182/FST98-A11963676
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A detailed three-dimensional model (3-D) has been developed for the divertor cassette in the ITER design. The layered configurations of the dome PFC and vertical targets were modeled accurately with the front tungsten layer modeled separately. 3-D neutronics calculations have been performed to determine the detailed spatial distribution of the neutron flux in the divertor cassette. A detailed activation analysis has been performed for zones representing the different critical components of the divertor cassette. The calculations have been performed for two operational scenarios. Special attention has been given to the top 1 cm tungsten layer of the divertor dome. The radioactivity generated in the tungsten layers of the divertor is mostly dominated by W during the first day after shutdown. The GlidCop copper and 316 SS-LN parts of the divertor also generated considerable levels of activity and decay heat. Nevertheless, the analysis showed that the tungsten Plasma Facing Component (PFC) is clearly the most critical part of the divertor from the decay heat generation point of view.