ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 ANS Annual Conference
May 31–June 3, 2026
Denver, CO|Sheraton Denver
Latest Magazine Issues
May 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
June 2026
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Yukio Fujiwara, Yoshihiro Ohara, Takashi Inoue, Yoshikazu Okumura, Masahiro Tanii, Kenji Miyamoto, Keiichiro Shibata, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Naoki Miyamoto, Satoshi Suzuki
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 3 | December 1996 | Pages 810-814
Plasma Fuelingand Heating, Control, and Currentdrive | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A11963036
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A 1 MeV, 50 MW Negative-ion-based Neutral Beam Injector (N-NBI) is proposed as a promising heating and current drive system for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The most crucial part of the ITER N-NBI is a negative ion source/accelerator, which is required to produce 1 MeV, 40 A D'ion beams for longer than 1000 s. The engineering design of the ion source/accelerator has progressed based on two major R&D at JAERI. One is the development of a high current negative ion source for the JT-60U N-NBI. After the demonstration of D'ion beam production of 400 keV, 13.5 A, the first neutral beam injection experiment has started from March 1996. The other is the development of a 1 MeV, 1 A accelerator which is composed of a five-stage, multi-aperture electrostatic acceleration system. The H*** ions have been successfully accelerated up to an energy of 805 keV, which is 80 % of the energy required for ITER. In addition to these R&Ds, design studies are carried out on the critical components of the ion source/accelerator. Among them, a method to control the temperature of the plasma grid by pressurized hot water is proposed to keep the negative ion production yield constant during the long pulse operation. For the durability under the high neutron environment, high purity alumina ceramics are adopted as insulator materials, and a new technology to fabricate a large insulator has been developed.