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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
Kazuyoshi Sato, Kazuyuki Nakamura, Satoshi Suzuki, Masanori Araki, Masayuki Dairaku, Kenji Yokoyama, Masato Akiba
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 3 | December 1996 | Pages 769-773
Plasma-Facing Components: Analysis and Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A11963028
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CVD-tungsten coated Divertor Mock-UPS were fabricated and tested in an ion beam test facility in JAERI. The mock-up consisted of a 2 mm thick CVD-tungsten on a 30 wt% Cu infiltrated tungsten skeleton heat sink. For the thermal fatigue tests, the heat load of 15 MW/m2, 0.3 s was applied to simulate the bonding interface temperature under a steady heat load of 5 MW/m2. The mock-up successfully endured a heat load of 15 MW/m2, 0.3 s for more than 1000 thermal cycles. No cracks were observed at the bonding interface by optical microscope observation. Screening tests were also performed to evaluate the performance limit of the mock-up. The mock-up endured up to a heat load of 20 MW/m2, 10 s without failure.