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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
James K. Hoffer, Larry R. Foreman, Jorge J. Sanchez, Evan R. Mapoles, John D. Sheliak
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 3 | December 1996 | Pages 529-533
Inertial Fusion Drivers and Targets | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A11962993
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
New experiments in a NIF-scale toroidal cylinder have resulted in true shadowgraphs of the DT ice surface. The spectral analysis of the images summed over ℓ-modes 2 through 256 reveal that the surface roughness reaches values just below 1.0 μm at temperatures of 19 K and above. Summing only modes ℓ ≥10, the partial surface roughness is below 0.7 μm at 19.5 K. These results indicate that native beta-layering will be sufficient to meet the NIF requirements for DT ice surface finish for both Be and CH ablating shells.
The toroidal cylinder incorporates a linear heater along the cylindrical axis to test the concept of surface enhancement due to heat assisted beta-layering in DT. Additionally, with the use of this heater it is possible to symmetrize a pure D2 layer.