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GAO: Grouting Hanford tank waste could cost more than $1.1B
Workers move a container of treated tank waste as part of Hanford’s Test Bed Initiative to grout around 2,000 gallons of LAW for off-site disposal. (Photo: DOE)
Grouting Hanford’s low-level radioactive liquid tank waste could cost between $480 million and $1.1 billion, according to a report by the Government Accountability Office, which has repeatedly found that grouting (immobilizing waste in a concrete-like mixture) can accelerate cleanup at the Hanford Site and save billions of dollars when compared to mixing the waste with molten glass through the vitrification process.
W. Boersma-Klein, J. Kistemaker
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 20 | Number 4 | December 1991 | Pages 610-614
Advanced Fission Reactors | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A11946906
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Because of the steep temperature profile in a gas core fission reactor, various heat transfer processes are involved. The purpose of this work was to investigate the eventual existence of a gas blanket near the wall of the reactor, where kinetic heat transfer dominates. We define the gas blanket as the distance from the wall where the kinetic heat transfer equals the radiative one. We find that for a spherical reactor with a radius of 2 m, the gas blanket has a size of
0.8 m for a thermal power of 5 MW
0.5 m for a thermal power of 10 MW
0.2 m for a thermal power of 50 MW
For a reactor operating with a thermal power of 1MW the kinetic heat flux is always higher than the radiative one.