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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Zvi Shkedi, Robert C. McDonald, John J. Breen, Stephen J. Maguire, Joe Veranth
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 28 | Number 4 | November 1995 | Pages 1720-1731
Technical Paper | Electrolytic Device | doi.org/10.13182/FST95-A30436
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Apparent excess heat is observed in light water electrolytic cells containing a variety of nickel cathodes, a platinum anode, and an electrolyte of K2CO3 in H2O. High-accuracy calorimetric measurements show apparent excess heat in the range of 15 to 37% of input power if a 100% Faraday efficiency is assumed for H2 and O2 gas release. The H2 and O2 gases released during electrolysis are recombined in a vessel external to the cell, and the quantity of recombined H2O is compared with the quantity of H2O expected from 100% efficient electrolysis. The measured Faraday efficiency is shown to be significantly <100%, and conventional chemistry can account for the entire amount of observed apparent excess heat to within an accuracy of better than 0.5%.