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2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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Russia withdraws from 25-year-old weapons-grade plutonium agreement
Russia’s lower house of Parliament, the State Duma, approved a measure to withdraw from a 25-year-old agreement with the United States to cut back on the leftover plutonium from Cold War–era nuclear weapons.
S. Stoenescu, T. Feng, J. Swanson
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 19 | Number 3 | May 1991 | Pages 1127-1132
Ignition Device | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A29494
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An essential support system of the Compact Ignition Tokamak (CIT) is the Vacuum Vessel Heating/Cooling (H/C) System. The requirement for the design of the dual function H/C System is to initially provide sufficient input heat energy to raise the temperature of the vacuum vessel from a 21°C ambient temperature to the operating temperature of 340±10°C and subsequently provide sufficient heat removal capacity to limit the cooling period between plasma pulses to 1 hour. The H/C System currently proposed for the CIT vacuum vessel accomplishes both of these system objectives using a single gaseous helium system flowing through a series of ducts attached to the exterior surface of the vacuum vessel shell. The design requirements, duct arrangements, and design analyses for the preliminary H/C System design are identified.