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2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Russia withdraws from 25-year-old weapons-grade plutonium agreement
Russia’s lower house of Parliament, the State Duma, approved a measure to withdraw from a 25-year-old agreement with the United States to cut back on the leftover plutonium from Cold War–era nuclear weapons.
Kenji Morita
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 19 | Number 4 | July 1991 | Pages 2083-2091
Technical Paper | Carbon Material Special | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A29343
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The sputtering of metal atoms and the retention and release of hydrogen isotopes in metal-carbon composite layer materials are discussed. The criteria for suppression of metal sputtering are derived on the basis of the concentration of carbon atoms segregated at the surface, which is calculated taking into account segregation and dissolution at the surface and at the interface as well as diffusion. Data on the ion flux dependence of the sputtering yield of metal from different metal-carbon systems are presented, and the critical flux and thickness required for suppression of metal sputtering are discussed. Furthermore, data on retention and release of implanted hydrogen isotopes are presented and compared with those for graphite.