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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
J. H. Harris, T. C. Jernigan, F. S. B. Anderson, R. D. Benson,+ R. J. Colchin, M. J. Cole,+ A. C. England, R. F. Gandy,† M. A. Henderson,† D. L. Hillis, R. L. Johnson,+ D. K. Lee,‡ J. F. Lyon, G. H. Neilson, B. E. Nelson,+ J. A. Rome, M. J. Saltmarsh, C. W. Simpson, D. J. Taylor,+ P. B. Thompson,+, J. C. Whitson‡
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 17 | Number 1 | January 1990 | Pages 51-61
Technical Paper | Stellarator System | doi.org/10.13182/FST90-A29170
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Advanced Toroidal Facility is a large torsatron device with a major radius R0 = 2.1 m, an average plasma minor radius a ≈ 0.3 m, and a magnetic field B0 ≤ 2T. The sheared magnetic configuration [τ(0) ≈ 0.3, τ(a) ≈ 1] is produced by an l = 2, M = 12 field period helical winding set and associated circular vertical field coils. The segmented helical windings were constructed with a tolerance of ±1-mm deviation from the ideal winding law using computer-aided manufacturing and assembly techniques. Nevertheless, in the initial operating period, it was found that field errors produced significant magnetic islands (island width ≈6 cm at τ = ½), which reduced the effective plasma radius by ∼30%. The main cause of these islands was the toroidally asymmetric field perturbation produced by the geometry of the electrical coil feeds. After “symmetrization” of the buswork, the dominant magnetic islands were reduced in size to ≤1 cm at the operating field of 1 T.