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U.K. releases new plans to speed nuclear deployment
In an effort to revamp its nuclear sector and enable the buildout of new projects, the U.K. has unveiled a sweeping set of changes to project deployment. These changes, which are set to come into effect by the end of next year, will restructure the country’s regulatory and environmental approval framework and directly support new growth through various workforce efforts.
Steven J. Pemberton, Ryan P. Abbott, Per F. Peterson
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 43 | Number 3 | May 2003 | Pages 378-383
Technical Paper | Chambers and Chamber Wall Protection Methods | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A281
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The use of swirling annular vortex flow inside beam entrance tubes can protect beam-line structural materials in chambers for heavy-ion inertial fusion energy (IFE) applications. An annular wall jet, or vortex tube, is generated by injecting liquid tangent to the inner surface of a tube wall with both axially and azimuthally directed velocity components. A layer of liquid then lines the beam tube wall, which may improve the effectiveness of neutron shielding, and condenses and removes vaporized coolant that may enter the beam tubes. Vortex tubes have been constructed and tested with a thickness of three-tenths the pipe radius. Analysis of the flow is given, along with experimental examples of vortex tube fluid mechanics and an estimate of the layer thickness, based on simple mass conservation considerations.