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DOE announces NEPA exclusion for advanced reactors
The Department of Energy has announced that it is establishing a categorical exclusion for the application of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) procedures to the authorization, siting, construction, operation, reauthorization, and decommissioning of advanced nuclear reactors.
According to the DOE, this significant change, which goes into effect today, “is based on the experience of DOE and other federal agencies, current technologies, regulatory requirements, and accepted industry practice.”
Renzo Carta, Stella Dernini, Anna Maria Polcaro, Pier Francesco Ricci, Giuseppe Tola, Giancarlo Pierini
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 15 | Number 1 | January 1989 | Pages 55-63
Technical Paper | Tritium System | doi.org/10.13182/FST89-A25324
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Recent studies have given lower and lower values for the solubility of hydrogen isotopes in the eutectic 83Pb-17Li alloy, a candidate breeding material for the blanket of fusion machines. Therefore, thermodynamic stability for the gaseous phase under the high pressure reached at the bottom of the alloy containers can be achieved even for very low tritium concentrations in the liquid phase. A mathematical model to determine when tritium bubble nucleation occurs at an appreciable rate is presented. Considering the design parameters and the operating conditions of the Next European Torus project, it is foreseeable that the tritium generated in the blanket could evolve almost completely in the gaseous phase by forming bubbles at the top of the containers even if acceptable values of the tritium inventory (<100 g) and permeation (∼0,5 g·day−1) are maintained. This situation can be achieved if the molten alloy wets the metallic surface poorly and if the fouling on the exchanger side in contact with the cooling water causes a moderate increase of the resistance to tritium diffusion through the walls. Due to a lack of experimental data, a few assumptions are adopted, but the usefulness of the results obtained is not affected.