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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Sümer Şahin, Mohammad Al-Eshaikh
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 12 | Number 3 | November 1987 | Pages 395-408
Technical Paper | Blanket Engineering | doi.org/10.13182/FST87-A25071
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In a source-driven fissionable blanket, a flat fission power density (FPD) is achieved by using a mixed fuel (ThO2 and natural UO2) with the thorium/uranium ratio changing from front to back in the ten fuel rows along the radial direction. A straightforward graphic method is used. The temporal behavior of the FPD has been observed for an operation period of 6 months and for a plant load factor of 75% by applying a fusion driver neutron flux of 1014 14-MeV neutrons/(cm2·s) at the first wall, corresponding to ∼2.25 MW/m2. To keep the power density flat, it is necessary to replace the fuel in rows 1, 2, and 3, close to the first wall. The time intervals for this operation increase, counting from initial start-up, typically, 2 months, 6 months, etc. One result of this study is that plutonium produced in such a hybrid blanket contains very low amounts of even isotopic components even over very long operation times of ∼3 yr. Hence, if fusion reactors are introduced into the energy market, special regulations are needed for international safeguarding.