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DTRA’s advancements in nuclear and radiological detection
A new, more complex nuclear age has begun. Echoing the tensions of the Cold War amid rapidly evolving nuclear and radiological threats, preparedness in the modern age is a contest of scientific innovation. The Research and Development Directorate (RD) at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is charged with winning this contest.
Emilio Franconi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 6 | Number 2 | September 1984 | Pages 414-419
Technical Paper | Selected papers from the Ninth International Vacuum Congress and the Fifth International Conference on Solid Surfaces (Madrid, Spain, September 26-October 1, 1983) | doi.org/10.13182/FST84-A23215
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Transmission of microwave radiation at the lower hybrid frequency may induce multipactor breakdown in the coupling structure of a tokamak machine. To increase the R.F. power throughput to a plasma, secondary electron emission on the waveguide walls and subsequent electron multiplication which cause multipactor breakdown effect must be reduced. In this work measurements of secondary electron yields δ of two kinds of coatings (graphite, TiC) on S.S. were performed as a function of primary beam energies (100 eV; 1.1 keV). Also uncoated stainless steel was measured. Results show δ to have a typical energy dependence, with a peak occuring at 200 to 300 eV for normal electron beam incidence. The graphite and TiC coatings after surface treatment give δmax < 1, which allows to reduce multipacting in waveguide.