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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Jacob B. Romero
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 6 | Number 1 | July 1984 | Pages 109-117
Technical Paper | Blanket Engineering | doi.org/10.13182/FST84-A23125
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An engineering evaluation of organic coolants for tokamak fusion power reactors was carried out. The primary focus was to assess the degree of radiolytic damage to the coolant and its effect on blanket design and overall operation. Organic coolants are attractive for fusion applications from a safety perspective. They are chemically inert with lithium metal, yield high tritium breeding performance, and possess low volatility and neutron activation. However, radiolytic damage to the organic molecules was found to severely limit their potential. Protected blanket designs were found to be necessary to reduce the damage to tolerable levels (i.e., of the same order as in the fission reactor system). These blankets require a two-fluid cooling cycle that defeats many of the anticipated advantages of using organic coolants. Their future consideration for tokamak systems is contingent on a number of unresolved issues: How compelling safety requirements turn out to be, what levels of activation of the structure are desired, and what advantages result in recovering tritium from organic systems.