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2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 8–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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Fusion Science and Technology
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From renaissance to reality: Infrastructure for a global nuclear fuel cycle
Dale Klein
This article was adapted from the author’s speech during a plenary at the 21st International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials (PATRAM 2025), San Antonio, Texas, July 2025.
There has been a lot of discussion lately about reforming the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. But I want to be clear: When it comes to nuclear safety and security, there is no place for partisan politics. I support efforts to streamline regulatory processes, but the independence and integrity of the NRC must remain sacrosanct. If we are serious about expanding nuclear power and reclaiming our global leadership in nuclear technology, having a strong independent regulator is fundamental.
Right now, we’re on the edge of a global nuclear resurgence driven by rising demand from data centers, growing concerns about energy security, and the need to decarbonize industry.
George Tsotridis
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 32 | Number 1 | August 1997 | Pages 35-44
Technical Paper | First-Wall Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST97-A19878
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Plasma-facing components in tokamak-type fusion reactors are subjected to intense heat loads during plasma disruptions, which causes melting and evaporation of the surface layer. The influence of the beam cross section of the incident energy on the depths of heat-affected zones on pure tungsten metal has been studied by using a two-dimensional transient computer model that solves the equations of motion and energy. Results are presented for relatively long disruption times for different beam cross sections and for a range of energy densities. It is demonstrated that there exists a critical value of cross-section area beyond which any further increase has no appreciable influence on the resulting depths of molten layers. It is also demonstrated that as the cross section increases, the convective flows caused by surface tension gradients resulting from variations of surface impurities are confined at regions close to the periphery of the molten zone, whereas at the center of the molten pool, heat is transported in the molten metal by conduction. It is demonstrated that by increasing the beam cross-section area, the resulting depths of molten layers increase. However, there exists a critical value of cross section beyond which the resulting molten layer depths are invariant to the beam cross section. It is further appreciated that there are other important phenomena taking part during plasma disruptions, such as electromagnetic forces, but at this stage, such influences on the molten layers will not be studied. Nevertheless, the influence of the beam cross-sectional area would be of similar importance.