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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Tetsuo Seki, Ryuhei Kumazawa, Takashi Mutoh, Fujio Shimpo, Goro Nomura, Tetsuo Watari, Kenji Saito, Yanping Zhao
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 40 | Number 3 | November 2001 | Pages 253-264
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A193
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A high-power, wide-band, steady-state amplifier was developed as a part of research and development for ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating in the Large Helical Device at the National Institute for Fusion Science. A double coaxial cavity was adopted to cover the wide frequency range of 25 to 100 MHz. An analysis of this cavity is compared with results of static tests, and good agreement is shown. In a high-power test, long-pulse operation of 5000 s at an output power of 1.6 MW, which is a world record for steady-state operation of an ICRF amplifier, has been achieved as a low-impedance-mode operation is adopted. Cooling of various elements of the amplifier is important in the steady-state operation. This paper reports how the steady-state operation is obtained through cooling. An analysis of heat removal in response to the temperature rise of a coaxial cable is also reported.