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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
Bangjiao Ye, Yoshimi Kasugai, Yujiro Ikeda, Yangmei Fan, Rongdian Han
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 40 | Number 2 | September 2001 | Pages 133-138
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A187
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The radioactivity induced by D-T neutron sputtering from piping materials to the coolant is described. The sputtering yields were calculated based on the systematics for (n,p), (n,), (n,2n), and (n,np) reactions. Four candidate piping materials of AISI Types 316L and 304 stainless steel, Incoloy 800, and V-4 Cr-4 Ti alloy were investigated to estimate their radioactivity sputtered to the coolant. The investigation shows that radioactivity of ~1500 to 2000 Ci sputtered into the coolant at 1000-s plasma burn time of ITER, and after 1-day cooling, a few curies of gamma activity remain in the coolant, which will accumulate in the heat exchanger.