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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
J. T. Scoville
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 52 | Number 3 | October 2007 | Pages 398-403
Technical Paper | The Technology of Fusion Energy - Experimental Devices and Advanced Designs | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1520
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Until the recent experimental campaign in 2006, all the neutral beam systems on the DIII-D tokamak injected power with the momentum in the same direction as the usual plasma current ("co-injection"). A major modification made during the April 2005-March 2006 shutdown period rotated one of the two-source beamlines to allow injecting power with the momentum opposite that of the plasma current ("counter-injection"). This modification provides the capability of injecting up to 10 MW of neutral beam power with zero net momentum input to the plasma. Decoupling the injected momentum and power opens a previously inaccessible parameter space for experiments that study the effect of rotation on various plasma instabilities, transport, and operational scenarios.Rotating the 5 MW neutral beamline presented significant technical challenges. The beamline and several major subsystems required extensive dismantling and rebuilding, and a careful alignment of the ion sources was required to document the new injection paths. We present a summary of the tasks required for the beamline rotation, describe major technical issues addressed, and discuss the advantages of the new configuration.