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Playing the “bad guy” to enhance next-generation safety
Sometimes, cops and robbers is more than just a kid’s game. At the Department of Energy’s national laboratories, researchers are channeling their inner saboteurs to discover vulnerabilities in next-generation nuclear reactors, making sure that they’re as safe as possible before they’re even constructed.
Xinggui Long, Gang Huang, Shuming Peng, Jianhua Liang, Benfu Yang
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 4 | November 2011 | Pages 1568-1571
Interaction with Materials | Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology (Part 2) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12733
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The p-c-T curves of D2 and T2 absorption by Ti and Zr were measured. there are one plateau at temperature below 300 °C and two plateaus at temperature range of 500~600 °C for Ti but one plateau below 525°C and two plateaus above 525°C for Zr. The thermodynamic parameters on different phases were determined and there are obvious thermodynamic isotope effects. The lag effect was not observed for Ti but its existent for Zr. The kinetic p-t curves of absorption were investigated at different temperature ranges and then the rate constants are calculated. The results show that the rate constants increase with raising temperature for Ti but decrease for Zr. The activation energy values are (110.2±3.0), (155.7±3.2) kJ.mol-1 respectively for Ti and (-25.9±0.7), (-6.8±0.8) kJ.mol-1 for Zr. The kinetic p-t curves of desorption were investigated too and the activation energy of desorption are (42.3±1.9), (62.1±1.6) kJ.mol-1 respectively for Ti and (40.1±0.8), (57.7±1.6) kJ.mol-1 for Zr. So there are remarkable kinetic isotope effects for Ti, Zr.
