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Playing the “bad guy” to enhance next-generation safety
Sometimes, cops and robbers is more than just a kid’s game. At the Department of Energy’s national laboratories, researchers are channeling their inner saboteurs to discover vulnerabilities in next-generation nuclear reactors, making sure that they’re as safe as possible before they’re even constructed.
M. Saito, Y. Torikai, R.-D. Penzhorn, K. Akaishi, M. Matsuyama
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 4 | November 2011 | Pages 1459-1462
Interaction with Materials | Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology (Part 2) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12706
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Uptake, distribution, and release behavior of tritium in Ni was investigated by chemical etching and thermal release rate measurements. Liberated tritium was found to consist almost exclusively of tritiated water. The chronic release rate of tritium from Ni was significantly larger than that from type 316 stainless steel. Depth profiles in specimens that partially lost tritium due to its chronic release into vacuum, air or a stream of argon could be reproduced by a one-dimensional diffusion model using best fit diffusion coefficients. Values of the best-fit diffusion coefficients at 298 K were found to be independent from the ambient into which tritium was released. The average diffusion coefficient from all measurements at 298 K, i.e. (2.7 ± 1.3) × 10-10 [cm2/s] was in line with diffusion coefficients calculated from literature data at the same temperature. Hence, the diffusion model constitutes a useful tool for the prediction of tritium bulk depth profiles in Ni during chronic release (CR).