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60 Years of U: Perspectives on resources, demand, and the evolving role of nuclear energy
Recent years have seen growing global interest in nuclear energy and rising confidence in the sector. For the first time since the early 2000s, there is renewed optimism about the industry’s future. This change is driven by several major factors: geopolitical developments that highlight the need for secure energy supplies, a stronger focus on resilient energy systems, national commitments to decarbonization, and rising demand for clean and reliable electricity.
F. Castejón, J. M. Reynolds, J. M. Fontdecaba, R. Balbín, J. Guasp, D. López-Bruna, I. Campos, L. A. Fernández, D. Fernández-Fraile, V. Martín-Mayor, A. Tarancón
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 50 | Number 3 | October 2006 | Pages 412-418
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1263
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
It was observed previously that the ion temperature profile of low-density electron cyclotron resonance-heated TJ-II plasmas is almost flat and that energetic ions are present well outside the last closed magnetic surface. The heat diffusivity obtained for such ion temperature profiles is very high, and therefore, transport cannot be described by Fick's law. In this work, ion trajectories with different pitches and starting points have been calculated for the relevant magnetic configuration. It is found that a feasible explanation for such a flat mean energy profile is that ion orbits are wide enough to communicate distant parts of the plasma radius, thus giving an effective flat ion temperature profile, for these low-density (<1019-m-3) plasmas. The distribution function is also obtained without considering collisions; thus, non-Maxwellian features are found. The final particle density shows inhomogeneities on a magnetic surface.