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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Sungwoo Kim, Suk-Ho Hong, Kwang Pyo Kim, Dong Su Lee, Woong Chae Kim, Kap-Rae Park
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 1 | July 2011 | Pages 98-101
doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12413
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The major impurity among gas species in the 2009 KSTAR campaign is water, up to 6.91 % of total pressure in the vacuum vessel. Various wall conditioning methods such as GDC, ICWC, and boronization are conducted to reduce water impurity which affects the plasma initiation. GDCs reduce water pressure to 1 × 10-9 mbar while several minutes of inter-shot ICWCs suppress water pressure around 3 × 10-9 mbar. Compared with the results from the KSTAR boronization, routinely performed inter-shot ICWCs would have similar effect as boronization for water removal from the vacuum vessel.