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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
A. Komori, T. Morisaki, T. Mutoh, S. Sakakibara, Y. Takeiri, R. Kumazawa, S. Kubo, K. Ida, S. Morita, K. Narihara, T. Shimozuma, K. Tanaka, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Yamada, M. Yoshinuma, T. Akiyama, N. Ashikawa, M. Emoto, H. Funaba, M. Goto, T. Ido, K. Ikeda, S. Inagaki, M. Isobe, H. Igami, K. Itoh, O. Kaneko, K. Kawahata, T. Kobuchi, S. Masuzaki, K. Matsuoka, T. Minami, J. Miyazawa, S. Muto, Y. Nagayama, Y. Nakamura, H. Nakanishi, Y. Narushima, K. Nishimura, M. Nishiura, A. Nishizawa, N. Noda, S. Ohdachi, Y. Oka, M. Osakabe, N. Ohyabu, T. Ozaki, B. J. Peterson, A. Sagara, K. Saito, R. Sakamoto, K. Sato, M. Sato, T. Seki, M. Shoji, S. Sudo, N. Tamura, K. Toi, T. Tokuzawa, K. Tsumori, T. Uda, T. Watari, I. Yamada, M. Yokoyama, Y. Yoshimura, O. Motojima, LHD Experimental Group, C. D. Beidler, T. Fujita, A. Isayama, Y. Sakamoto, H. Takenaga, P. Goncharov, K. Ishii, M. Sakamoto, S. Murakami, T. Notake, N. Takeuchi, S. Okajima, M. Sasao
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 50 | Number 2 | August 2006 | Pages 136-145
Technical Paper | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1229
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Remarkable progress to access the reactor-relevant regime has been made in a recent experiment in the Large Helical Device. Optimizing the rotational transform, the average beta value of 4.3%, which is the highest record among helical devices, was achieved. The high-performance plasma with a fusion triple product up to ~2.2 × 1019 m-3keVs was sustained for >7 s by repetitive hydrogen pellet injection. With regard to steady-state operation, which is one of the key issues to realize a fusion reactor, discharges for >30 min were successfully sustained by ion cyclotron range of frequency heating with the aid of the magnetic axis swing technique to reduce the heat load to the plasma-facing component. In the discharge, the total input energy to the plasma reached 1.3 GJ, which also established a new record.