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Division Spotlight
Thermal Hydraulics
The division provides a forum for focused technical dialogue on thermal hydraulic technology in the nuclear industry. Specifically, this will include heat transfer and fluid mechanics involved in the utilization of nuclear energy. It is intended to attract the highest quality of theoretical and experimental work to ANS, including research on basic phenomena and application to nuclear system design.
Meeting Spotlight
2024 ANS Annual Conference
June 16–19, 2024
Las Vegas, NV|Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Fusion Science and Technology
February 2024
Latest News
Can hydrogen be the transportation fuel in an otherwise nuclear economy?
Let’s face it: The global economy should be powered primarily by nuclear power. And it probably will by the end of this century, with a still-significant assist from renewables and hydro. Once nuclear systems are dominant, the costs come down to where gas is now; and when carbon emissions are reduced to a small portion of their present state, it will become obvious that most other sources are only good in niche settings. I mean, why use small modular reactors to load-follow when they can just produce that power instead of buffering it?
K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, K. Tanaka, R. Sakamoto, S. Inagaki, LHD Experiment Group
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 58 | Number 1 | July-August 2010 | Pages 150-159
Chapter 3. Confinement and Transport | Special Issue on Large Helical Device (LHD) | doi.org/10.13182/FST10-A10802
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The interlinkage of particle, momentum, and heat transport in plasmas appears as a nondiffusive term of each transport equation. The physical mechanisms determining the diffusive and nondiffusive terms of particle, momentum, and heat transports are described. The nondiffusive term in the particle transport and impurity transport, which causes an inward pinch or outward flux, is driven by the temperature gradient and the magnetic field curvature. One significant piece of evidence of the nondiffusive term of particle transport is observed in the impurity transport as an impurity hole, where the impurity profiles become extremely hollow and the inward flow due to the density gradient is balanced with the outward flow driven by the ion temperature gradients. The outward convection of impurity observed contradicts the neoclassical prediction but is expected to contribute to the purity of plasma in the ion root even if the radial electric field is negative. The nondiffusive term in the momentum transport, which drives spontaneous toroidal rotation, is also observed in the plasmas in the Large Helical Device (LHD). The spontaneous rotations are driven by the electric field near the plasma edge and the ion temperature gradient at the midradius in the plasma. In the heat transport, no clear nondiffusive term is observed, and it is considered to be diffusive. The temperature and temperature gradient dependences of the diffusive terms are studied with the perturbation transport study and the slow transition between two transport branches that have a weak and a strong temperature dependence of thermal diffusivity.