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Reimagining nuclear materials for the future of medicine
Nuclear medicine has come a long way since Henri Becquerel first observed the penetrating energy of radioactive materials in 1896. Today, technetium-99m alone is used in more than 40 million diagnostic procedures every year—from cardiovascular imaging and bone scans to cancer detection—making it the undisputed workhorse of nuclear medicine. That single statistic tells you something important: An enormous portion of modern diagnostic medicine rests on a surprisingly narrow foundation, one built around a small number of aging research reactors that were never originally designed for continuous isotope production.
S. Murakami, H. Yamada, M. Sasao, M. Isobe, T. Ozaki, T. Saida, P. Goncharov, J. F. Lyon, M. Osakabe, T. Seki, Y. Takeiri, Y. Oka, K. Tumori, K. Ikeda, T. Mutoh, R. Kumazawa, K. Saito, Y. Torii, T. Watari, A. Wakasa, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Funaba, M. Yokoyama, H. Maassberg, C. D. Beidler, A. Fukuyama, K. Itoh, K. Ohkubo, O. Kaneko, A. Komori, O. Motojima, LHD Experimental Group
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 46 | Number 2 | September 2004 | Pages 241-247
Technical Papers | Stellarators | doi.org/10.13182/FST04-A561
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Confinement of energetic ions from neutral beam injection heating is investigated by changing the magnetic field configuration of the Large Helical Device from a classical heliotron configuration to an optimized neoclassical transport configuration to a level typical of "advanced stellarators." The experimental results show the highest count rate of fast neutral particles not in the optimized configuration but in the inward-shifted one. The GNET simulation results show a relatively good agreement with the experimental results, and they also show a lower energy loss rate in the optimized configuration. This contradiction can be explained by the radial profile of the energetic ions. The relatively good agreement between experimental and simulation results suggest that ripple transport (neoclassical) dominates the energetic ion confinement and that the optimization process is effective in improving confinement in helical systems.