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Latest News
EPA issues final rule regulating “forever chemicals”
The Environmental Protection Agency announced that it will issue a rule aimed at limiting public exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The final rule will designate two widely used PFAS chemicals, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), as hazardous substances under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund.
According to the EPA, both PFOA and PFOS meet the statutory criteria for designation as hazardous substances.
R. Koch, P. Dumortier, F. Durodié, S. Huygen, A. Lyssoivan, A. M. Messiaen, P. E. Vandenplas, G. Van Wassenhove, M. Vervier, R. R. Weynants
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 47 | Number 2 | February 2005 | Pages 97-107
Technical Paper | TEXTOR: A Flexible Device | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A691
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The original work done on TEXTOR on ion cyclotron resonance heating of the plasma is reviewed. After a brief introduction outlining the principles, the radio-frequency (rf) system is described, with its substantial evolution during time. Then, the different physics results are reviewed. Ion cyclotron heating has been performed in a large number of scenarios and under a wide range of conditions. Aside from the various minority or mode-conversion scenarios, the interaction with beam ions and the possibility of controlling fast-ion diffusion with rf have been deeply investigated. Both the interaction with the wall or edge plasma and the impact on improved core confinement were studied in detail. Pioneering work was done to demonstrate efficient heating with unshielded antennas and plasma production in a tokamak by rf alone for plasma startup assistance or wall conditioning.