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Can hydrogen be the transportation fuel in an otherwise nuclear economy?
Let’s face it: The global economy should be powered primarily by nuclear power. And it probably will by the end of this century, with a still-significant assist from renewables and hydro. Once nuclear systems are dominant, the costs come down to where gas is now; and when carbon emissions are reduced to a small portion of their present state, it will become obvious that most other sources are only good in niche settings. I mean, why use small modular reactors to load-follow when they can just produce that power instead of buffering it?
T. Numakura, T. Cho, J. Kohagura, M. Hirata, R. Minami, Y. Nakashima, K. Yatsu, S. Miyoshi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 39 | Number 1 | January 2001 | Pages 277-280
Poster Presentations | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A11963460
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A new method is proposed for obtaining radial profiles of both plasma ion (Ti) and electron temperatures (Te) simultaneously using one semiconductor detector array alone. Furthermore, availability of the new idea of the simultaneous Ti and Te diagnostics is experimentally demonstrated by the use of a small-sized semiconductor detector array. This novel method for semiconductor Ti diagnostics is proposed on the basis of an alternative “positive” use of a semiconductor “dead layer” as an energy-analysis filter. Filtering dependence of charge-exchange neutral particles from plasmas on the thickness on the order of nm thick SiO2 layer is used for analyzing Ti ranging from hundreds to thousands eV. In this report, proof-of-principle plasma experiments for the proposed idea are, at first, demonstrated in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror to verify the availability of this novel idea of distinguishing and identifying each value of Ti and Te by the use of various thin filtering materials. Furthermore, novel experimental data on radial profiles of Ti and Te are simultaneously observed and analyzed using a semiconductor detector array along with the development of a Monte-Carlo computer simulation code for analyzing interactions between semiconductor materials and incident particles. The radial profiles of Ti and Te obtained from semiconductor detectors by the use of the proposed method are found to be in good agreement with those from a charge-exchange neutral-particle Ti analyzer and a microchannel-plate Te detector. Detailed data and analysis method are represented in the paper.